Tribal remains found in St.Helena
By JESSE DUARTE
St. Helena Star
Archeologists working on the St. Helena flood project have unearthed 65 sets of human remains associated with the Wappo American Indians and other tribes, according to a presentation for the St. Helena City Council last week.
Excavation has taken place at four sites in Vineyard Valley Mobile Home Park and adjacent vineyards, and at one site across the Napa River. The work was part of the flood project’s environmental review.
The most recently-buried human remains unearthed were from 1852. The Wappo inhabited the site until that year, when the government removed them.
Archeologists won’t know the age of the oldest burials until they do carbon-dating tests, but other artifacts are believed to date to 500 B.C.
The Upvalley was a key location in the area’s obsidian trade. For at least 3,000 years, Native American tribes used the strong, workable obsidian that originated from Glass Mountain, said archaeologist John Holson.
Archaeologists weren’t surprised to find obsidian tools and projectile points. What did surprise them was an obsidian cache of unprecedented size that will help trace the production of tools from raw obsidian to finished product.
Other artifacts included stone floors, grinding stones, firepits, knives, tools made of bone and stone, and beads and shells — probably used as jewelry.
“The same things that bring people here to St. Helena today brought the Indians here,” Holson said. The area’s temperate climate, water, salmon and obsidian, were particularly attractive, he said.
People who lived along the Napa River also likely had a fear in common with current residents: flooding. Holson said the dig revealed signs of “pretty tremendous” floods, depositing sediment in distinct sealed layers.
Excavation will continue through 2009 as flood project construction starts. Holson said he’ll report his findings in 2010.
The artifacts are kept in Holson’s Berkeley office. Except for the bodies, which will be reburied at the discretion of today’s Wappo leadership, Holson said he intends to bring the artifacts back to St. Helena after they’ve been catalogued.
More than 80 percent of the St. Helena burial sites have been excavated already, he said.
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napadad wrote on Feb 4, 2008 9:13 AM:
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